Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Intermediate Practice Exam

What is a common complication of severe burn injuries that requires monitoring?

1. Diabetes insipidus

2. Hypovolemic shock

3. Acute respiratory distress syndrome

4. Sleep apnea

The correct answer is: Hypovolemic shock

Severe burn injuries can lead to significant fluid loss and a disruption of homeostasis, making hypovolemic shock a common complication. This condition occurs when the body loses a substantial amount of blood or fluid, resulting in inadequate circulation and oxygen delivery to tissues. In patients with severe burns, the integrity of the skin, which normally helps retain fluid, is compromised. This can lead to fluid shifts, extensive fluid loss through damaged skin, and thereby contribute to a decrease in blood volume. Monitoring for hypovolemic shock is essential because it can progress rapidly and lead to organ failure if not addressed. It is crucial for emergency medical personnel to assess vital signs, fluid balance, and the patient’s response to initial resuscitation efforts to prevent further complications. Other options, while they may be relevant in specific contexts, are less directly associated as a routine complication stemming from severe burns when compared to the immediate risk of hypovolemic shock.