Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Intermediate Practice Exam

What is a priority intervention for a patient with anaphylaxis?

1. Administering antihistamines

2. Applying a cold compress

3. Securing the airway

4. Giving oral fluids

The correct answer is: Securing the airway

In cases of anaphylaxis, securing the airway is the highest priority intervention. Anaphylaxis is a severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction that can cause rapid onset of airway compromise due to swelling of the throat, tongue, or respiratory tract. Securing the airway ensures that the patient can breathe effectively and minimizes the risk of asphyxiation. While administering antihistamines can help in managing allergic reactions, their onset of action is not immediate enough for the acute situation posed by anaphylaxis. Cold compresses may provide comfort for localized swelling but do not address the systemic effects of anaphylAxis. Giving oral fluids is also not appropriate in the context of a severe allergic reaction, especially if the patient is experiencing difficulty breathing or swelling that impairs swallowing. Thus, the most critical intervention is ensuring that the patient's airway is clear and protected.