Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Intermediate Practice Exam

What is the preferred device for administering supplemental oxygen in prehospital care?

1. Nasal cannula

2. Simple face mask

3. Nonrebreathing mask

4. Bag-valve-mask

The correct answer is: Nonrebreathing mask

The nonrebreathing mask is considered the preferred device for administering supplemental oxygen in prehospital care, particularly when a patient exhibits signs of respiratory distress or significant hypoxia. This type of mask allows for a high concentration of oxygen to be delivered, typically around 90-100%, which is crucial in emergency situations where patients may have severely compromised breathing or oxygenation. The design of the nonrebreathing mask includes a one-way valve that prevents exhaled air from entering the oxygen reservoir bag, allowing the patient to inhale pure oxygen without any dilution from ambient air. This is particularly important for conditions such as severe respiratory failure or critical status, where every percentage of oxygen delivered can significantly impact the patient’s outcome. In scenarios where a patient may be less critical, other devices, such as a nasal cannula or simple face mask, can be effective. However, these options provide lower concentrations of oxygen and may not be sufficient for patients needing immediate and high-level oxygen support. The bag-valve-mask, while effective for delivering breaths to non-breathing patients or those with very low respiratory effort, is more cumbersome and requires proper technique to ensure effective ventilation and oxygenation, as well as the ability to maintain a seal and adequate airway. Using a