Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Intermediate Practice Exam

What is the primary concern when treating a patient with a ruptured aortic aneurysm?

1. Controlling the pain

2. Preventing shock

3. Assessing for neurological deficits

4. Transporting to the nearest hospital

The correct answer is: Preventing shock

When treating a patient with a ruptured aortic aneurysm, preventing shock is the primary concern. A ruptured aortic aneurysm can lead to significant internal bleeding, which rapidly decreases blood volume and can result in hypovolemic shock. This condition is life-threatening and requires immediate intervention to maintain blood pressure and perfusion to vital organs. Preventing shock involves several critical actions, such as ensuring the patient is in a position that promotes blood flow to the heart and brain, administering intravenous fluids if protocols allow, and monitoring vital signs closely. In this context, the focus is not just on reducing pain, as controlling pain is secondary to maintaining hemodynamic stability and preventing the consequences of shock. Assessing for neurological deficits and transporting the patient to the nearest hospital are also important, but these actions depend on first ensuring the patient is stable and not in immediate danger from shock. If shock is not effectively addressed, the likelihood of survival decreases significantly, overshadowing other considerations in the immediate treatment plan.