Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Intermediate Practice Exam

When treating a neck laceration that is spurting bright red blood, what is the correct first step?

1. Apply a tourniquet on the leg

2. Apply direct pressure above and below the wound

3. Wait for advanced medical personnel

4. Elevate the head above the heart

The correct answer is: Apply direct pressure above and below the wound

The appropriate first step when treating a neck laceration that is spurting bright red blood is to apply direct pressure above and below the wound. This technique is crucial because it helps to control active bleeding, particularly in areas with a rich blood supply, such as the neck. In cases of arterial bleeding, the bright red color of the blood indicates that it is oxygenated and pressure from the arteries is driving its forceful expulsion. By applying direct pressure to the wound, you can help to compress the blood vessels and slow down or stop the bleeding, providing immediate care while awaiting further medical assistance. Applying pressure both above and below the injury site is strategic; it helps to contain the bleeding directly at the wound and reduces blood flow to the area. This method is often more effective for managing significant hemorrhage compared to other interventions like waiting for advanced personnel or applying a tourniquet on a limb, which is not appropriate for a neck injury. Elevating the head above the heart is not a suitable immediate action in this scenario, as it may not assist in controlling the bleeding effectively.