Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Intermediate Practice Exam

Where is the respiratory center of the brain primarily located?

1. Cortex

2. Cerebellum

3. Medulla

4. Thalamus

The correct answer is: Medulla

The respiratory center of the brain is primarily located in the medulla. The medulla oblongata plays a crucial role in regulating the automatic functions of the body, including respiration. It contains the vital centers that control the rhythm and depth of breathing by sending signals to the muscles involved in respiration, such as the diaphragm and intercostal muscles. This area continuously adjusts ventilation based on the body's carbon dioxide and oxygen levels, ensuring that gas exchange occurs efficiently. The cortex is involved in higher cognitive functions and voluntary control of the breathing process but does not primarily regulate automatic breathing. The cerebellum is more associated with coordination and balance rather than respiratory control. The thalamus acts as a relay station for sensory information but does not have a direct role in controlling respiration. Thus, while other parts of the brain have important functions, the medulla is specifically responsible for the primary regulation of breathing.